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dc.contributor.authorRachmawati, Dessy
dc.contributor.authorBuskermolen, Jeroen K.
dc.contributor.authorScheper, Rik J.
dc.contributor.authorGibbs, Susan
dc.contributor.authorBlomberg, B. Mary E. von
dc.contributor.authorHoogstraten, Ingrid M.W. van
dc.date.accessioned2018-09-07T08:54:10Z
dc.date.available2018-09-07T08:54:10Z
dc.date.issued2018-09-07
dc.identifier.issn0887-2333
dc.identifier.urihttp://repository.unej.ac.id/handle/123456789/87365
dc.descriptionToxicology in Vitro 30 (2015) 325–330en_US
dc.description.abstractGold, nickel, copper and mercury, i.e. four metals frequently used in dental applications, were explored for their capacity to induce innate immune activation in keratinocytes (KC). Due to their anatomical location the latter epithelial cells are key in primary local irritative responses of skin and mucosa. Fresh foreskin-derived keratinocytes and skin and gingiva KC cell lines were studied for IL-8 release as a most sensitive parameter for NF-kB activation. First, we verified that viral-defense mediating TLR3 is a key innate immune receptor in both skin- and mucosa derived keratinocytes. Second, we found that, in line with our earlier finding that ionized gold can mimic viral dsRNA in triggering TLR3, gold is very effective in KC activation. It would appear that epithelial TLR3 can play a key role in both skin- and mucosa localized irritation reactivities to gold. Subsequently we found that not only gold, but also nickel, copper and mercury salts can activate innate immune reactivity in keratinocytes, although the pathways involved remain unclear. Although current alloys have been optimized for minimal leakage of metal ions, secondary factors such as mechanical friction and acidity may still facilitate such leakage. Subsequently, these metal ions may create local irritation, itching and swelling by triggering innate immune reactions, potentially also facilitating the development of metal specific adaptive immunity.en_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.subjectContact allergyen_US
dc.subjectCopperen_US
dc.subjectGolden_US
dc.subjectKeratinocyteen_US
dc.subjectMercuryen_US
dc.subjectNickelen_US
dc.subjectInnate immunityen_US
dc.subjectTLRen_US
dc.titleDental metal-induced innate reactivity in keratinocytesen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US


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