Effect of Environmental Condition on Yield of Some Korean Rice Varieties

Abstract

Over the past decade, global warming has increased the environmental problems, affecting numerous areas of the world. This caused the high temperatures and drought in some areas in Indonesia. Plants are trying to adapt to the global warming changes. The growing seasons for many plants are becoming altered as the temperature change. As the temperature changes, many plants and not capable of reproducing, causing many numbers of plant species to become limited. This study investigated the effects of climate change on paddy rice growth and production. Five of Korean (Cheongcheong, Chucheong, Pungmi, Ilpum, Nagdong) and a local (Ciherang) rice varieties were grown in paddy fields with the normally farming system in local area (Jember District). All data were determined by analysis of variance and Duncan multiple range test. Chungcheong, Chucheong, and Pungmi varieties showed adaptability to a tropical environment. Their yields were 8.42, 8.37, and 7.88 ton/ha, respectively. A local variety (Ciherang) was 7.45 ton/ha, showed it was lower yield than three Korean rice varieties. Other Korean rice (Nagdong and Ilpum) varieties were low yield. Chucheong variety contained higher amount of carbohydrate, approximately 83.45%. Some overseas varieties able to adapt on different environmental condition such as: temperature, long day period, light intensity, and other conditions).