Lexical Borrowing in Penyengat – Malay Language (Penyerapan Kosa Kata dalam Bahasa Melayu Penyengat)

Abstract

In this paper, we present an analysis of lexical borrowing that appear in Penyengat – Malay language, Riau Archipelago. Durkin’s (2014: 08) theory on lexical borrowing (loanwords, loan translations, semantic loans and loan blends) is used as a framework. These types of borrowing are based on change in spelling, pronunciation and meaning. The analysis is using descriptive method. In this research, there are 49 words and there are two research questions. The aims of this research are to discover types of borrowing applied in Dewan Dictionary from English language to Penyengat – Malay language and changes happening in the types of borrowing. The finding of this research shows that the most dominant type of borrowing word are loan translations with 44 words (48.3 %), semantic loans with 21 words (23.1 %), combination of loan translations and semantic loans with 17 words (18.7 %), loanwords with 5 words (5.5 %) and combination of loanwords and semantic loans with 4 words (4.4 %). Loan blends is not found in this research. We find changes of meaning with 15 words (30.6 %) as narrowing, 4 words (8.2 %) as extension and 2 words (4.1 %) as new or borrowed from other words. From the analysis, we discover that apart from those types of borrowing words proposed by Durkin, there are also some combinations of those types which make them as new ones different from the types themselves. Unlike Durkin's, loanwords we find borrow spelling and meaning and the pronunciation are adjusted as the Target Language.