PERANAN PERS TIONGHOA PERANAKAN DI SURABAYA DALAM PERGERAKAN NASIONAL 1902 – 1942

Abstract

The background of this research is a disappointment of Tionghoa Peranakan who was oppressed by the apartheid system of Hindia Belanda Government The goal of this research are to reveal the background of why the awareness of Tionghoa Peranakan identity occurred, how the press of Tionghoa Peranakan kept its existence, and the idea of nationality which occurred in newspaper and the impact of its occurrence to the national indigene movements This research uses historical method to reveal the problems of the study of the research The end of 19th century became a start of Pan-Tionghoa movement that spread the idea of nationalism in Java. This movement got strong support from Tionghoa Peranakan (i.e The Descendants of Chinese who were settled for a long period in Indonesia) because of their disappointment of apartheid system in this long period that was applied by Hindia Belanda Goverment. The awareness of identity of Tionghoa Peranakan was realized in Tiong Hoa Hwe koan (THHK) that was formed on March 17, 1900 in Batavia. It was also followed by some ideas of nationalism that got its places in press of Tionghoa Peranakan which developed in the beginning of 20th century. Press of Tionghoa Peranakan became a place for nationalists to spread their ideas of nationalism, so Tionghoa Peranakan became more aware about their identity. The impact of the existence of ideas of nationalism that was spread by press of Tionghoa Peranakan brought up some political organizations and the social education associations for indigenes or the natives of Indonesia. The aim of the organizations was to improve the prosperity of the people