Fish Oil Regulate Bone Sialoprotein and Osteopontin in Alveolar Bone Resorption

Abstract

Previously research explained that fish oil decreased bone resorption. Important entities on osteoclast and osteoblast recruitment in bone remodeling are osteopontin (OPN) and Bone sialoprotein (BSP). OPN and BSP have arginin-glysin-aspartic acid. They are important to cell adhesion, that can be recognized by bone cell integrine is αvβ3. The purpose of the research was to analyze the effect of fish oil toward OPN and BSP functions. The research was done on three groups Wistar rats, male, 5 days of age. The first group was negative control (without treatment). The second groups was positive control, The rats were injected with LPS into left maxillary molar region. Third group, The rats were injected with LPS and provided fish oil orally daily. Each of groups was divided into three groups to decapitate on ages of 13 days, 17 days and 21 days. Analyze of BSP and OPN used immunohistochemically. Statistics analyze of BSP and OPN used Kruskal-Wallis test. The result of research showed that expression of OPN was significantly (p<0, 05) higher than BSP in the rats injected with LPS. The rats treated with fish oil and injected with LPS were significantly expression of BSP higher than OPN and were similar to untreated rats. Numbers of osteoclast were observed elevated in rats that its OPN expression was rather high. In contrary, high BSP expression showed numbers of osteoclast lower than osteoblast. In conclusion that fish oil regulates bone resorption processing in way influenced BSP and OPN expression as signaling molecule on osteoclast and osteoblast activity in resorption area.