POTENT OF INDONESIAN'S AGRICULTURAL AS GREEN HOUSE GASES SOURCES

Abstract

Over supplied of N..will produces more GHG and this phenomenon has been intensive discussihg to find out the solution. Relate to the loss of N Rolston et al. (1978) reported _73%N will loss after applying of manure and Ryden and Lund (1980) stated that 95-293 kg N/ha annually loss as N20 gas. Indonesia's farmer/crops. growers have been fertilizing their crops .with N by using recommendation dosage. That mean N fertilization executes without take the soil N into account. This method tend to have less efficiency, that is way this method since 1980s not recommended in developed countries (such as European countries, USA, Japan) - because they want reduce the production of GHG from agriculture that according to Bacon (199S) 44% of 1.S Mio. Ton/year of atmospheric N20 originated from agricultural ecosystem. Indonesia has record as ineffiCient country in N use, N loss in maize production SO-S8%(N loss in USA oniy 14-41%), N loss in rice production 77-89% of applied N. Efficient N fertilizing method will reduces N fertilizer production and reduces C02 emission, and at the same time will reduces N loss ihrough denitrification procces in form of N20 gas. That mean efficient method can be a solution to reduce GHG production. Due to inefficient of N fertilization-method loss of N in 4 main crops (rice, maize, vegetables, sugarcane, tobacco) can be predicted as follows: from 8.000.000 hectare of paddy rice""'will occur N loss of 1.600.000 tones, from 3.300.000 hectare of maize field will occur N loss of 1S0.000 tones, from 1.000.000 hectare of vegetables field will occur N loss of 138.000 tones, from SOO.OOOhectare of Sugarcane plantation will occur N loss of 84.000 tones and from 200.000 hectare of tobacco plantation will occur N loss of 18.000 tones. The total loss of N from those crops are 1.990.000 tones, According to Bacon (199S) 0.11.S% of applied N will loss as N20 gas. 1.990-29.8S0 tones of N20 gas produced by cultivation - of rice, maize, vegetables, sugarcane and tobacco annually -in Indonesia.