Fortifikasi Daun Ketela Pohon Menggunakan Formulasi Asam Amino dan Vitamin terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Ulat Sutera Eri Samia Cynthia Ricini D. (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) serta Pemanfaatannya sebagai Book Chapter

Abstract

Silkworms need adequate nutrition for their growth and development. Amino acids and vitamins are needed by silkworms which are used for the production of silk. This study aimed to determined the effect of feeding cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta) on the cocoon parameters of the eri silkworm (Samia cynthia ricini D.). The cocoon parameters analyzed included cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight, and shell ratio. This study used a Completely Randomized Block Design with four treatments, namely the control group, P1 (formulation A), P2 (formulation B), and P3 (formulation C). Larvae were treated when they were in the late instar (instar 4th and instar 5th). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 with using Univariate ANOVA test and LSD Post-hoc. The results of the study proved that there was an effect of feeding cassava leaves fortified with amino acid and vitamin formulations on the parameters of silkworm cocoons. The results obtained showed the highest of P2 (Formulation B) in cocoon weight (2.634 ± 0.121 grams), cocoon shell weight (0.344 ± 0.023 g), shell ratio (13.056 ± 0.715%), extended the wingspan of imago (13.01 ± 0.78 cm), development time from egg to pupae (42.50 ± 0.73 days), imago life time (7.23 ± 0.82 days), no mortatlity, fecundity of eggs (290.80 ± 5.59 eggs), and hatchability of eggs (70.51 ± 1.15%). Increasing of cocoon character due to the addition of the amino acids methionine, lysine and glycine that related to the ability of caterpillars to stockpile amino acids. In addition, the presence of phagostimulants caused by the addition of vitamin C and vitamin B complex to the leaves of cassava feed. The most effective treatment for increasing cocoon parameters was P2 (formulation B).