Effective Concentration dan Lethal Concentration Ekstrak Tanaman Sereh Wangi (Cymbopogon Nardus L.) pada Larva Nyamuk Aedes Aegypti dan Pemanfaatannya Sebagai Leaflet

Abstract

The Aedes aegypti mosquito is the main vector of dengue virus transmission that causes dengue fever. Abate, which is commonly used to suppress mosquito populations, can cause resistance and environmental pollution when used continuously. The World Health Organisation (WHO) issued a recommendation to use natural chemicals derived from plants. Citronella (Cymbopogon nardus L.) is one plant that has the potential as a natural larvicide to replace abate. The content of essential oils, saponins, steroids and tannins, can act as stomach and respiratory poisons resulting in larval death. The purpose of this study was to analyse the larvicidal effectiveness of citronella plant extract against Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae. The research was conducted at the Toxicology Laboratory, Biology Education Study Programme, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Jember from March to May 2023. The concentrations of citronella plant extract used in the toxicity test were 200 ppm, 350 ppm, 450 ppm, 550 ppm and 600 ppm, abate as positive control, and distilled water as negative control. Based on the results of the study, the toxicity value (LC50) of citronella plant extract against mortalities of Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae in 24 hours surgical time is 470.996 ppm with a lower limit of 431.993 ppm and an upper limit of 497.895 ppm in a median time (LT50) of 1.60 hours.