Identifikasi dan Rearing Nematoda Predator serta Pemanfaatannya sebagai Buku Panduan Lapang

Abstract

Nematodes live freely in nature and have a very wide distribution area, especially in soil. Nematodes live freely by eating organic waste, decaying plants, fungi, and bacteria. There are two types of nematodes in nature: parasitic nematodes and predatory nematodes. Predatory nematodes play an important role in maintaining the population of plant parasitic nematodes and other soil biota in the soil ecosystem. Based on their feeding tools and feeding methods, predatory nematodes can be categorized into 4 major groups, namely, Mononchida, Dorylaimida, Diplogasterida, and Aphelenchida. Predatory nematodes are one of the natural enemies of plant parasitic nematodes whose existence is often overlooked. The purpose of this study is to identify the types of predatory nematodes and rearing that can become natural enemies of parasitic nematodes. The identification process was carried out after obtaining the results of soil extraction from the Cenchrus purpureus plant field, using the whitehead tray method. The identification results obtained were Mononchus sp. (order Mononchida), Oinchus sp. (order Mononchida), Labronema sp. (order Dorylaimida), Nygolaimus sp. (order Dorylaimida), Seinura sp. (order Aphelenchida). The results of the identification showed that the type of predatory nematode that was found was the genus Labronema sp. (order Dorylaimida), where the abundant amount was then reared on the nematode. The rearing process was carried out invitro using soil extract agar (SEA) medium by providing food in the form of Meloidogyne spp. nematodes, Escherichia coli bacteria, and natural parasitic nematodes from the land where predatory nematodes were found. Observations showed an increase in the number of Labronema sp. nematodes, where the rearing of predatory nematodes can make them a biological control agent to suppress parasitic nematode populations.