Efek Injeksi Protein Pili 65,5 kDa Klebsiella pneumoniae terhadap Kadar IL-4 pada Mencit Galur BALB/c: Pengembangan Vaksin Pneumonia Berbasis Pili

Abstract

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a bacteria in the Enterobacteriaceae family that often causes infections. Based on the results of Basic Health Research in 2018, Indonesia experienced an increase in cases of pneumonia caused by K. pneumoniae, from 4.5% in 2013 to 5% in 2018. Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria have become hypervirulent or resistant to antibiotics is challenge for the world of health. An immunotherapy approach with the principle of host cell immunity through preventive measures, such as vaccination, can treat this health problem. Klebsiella pneumoniae has virulent factor, namely the pili protein, which is a protein on the surface that plays important roles in the early stages of infection so that it can trigger the formation of antibodies. This research is an experimental study that measures and determines the effect of IL-4 levels on injection of the 65.5 kDa K. pneumoniae pili protein. Treatment of mice was divided into three groups, namely group 1 which was injected with Phosphate Buffer Saline (PBS), group 2 which was injected with adjuvant, and group 3 which was injected with adjuvant and pili protein antigen 65.5 kDa. After the treatment is complete, the mice will be terminated and taken for measurement using the ELISA method. Then, it was analyzed using SPSS with the Kruskal-Wallis test. Based on the results of research data and discussion, injection of the 65.5 kDa Klebsiella pneumoniae pili protein had no effect on IL-4 levels in the treatment group. The statistical test results also showed that there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in IL-4 levels in the blood serum of mice after injection of the 65.5 kDa pili protein. This may be caused by several factors such as the time of sample collection and measurement, injection dose, use of adjuvants, and the process of regulating IL-4 levels.