Analisis Faktor-faktor Psikososial yang Mempengaruhi Perilaku Diet Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Kabupaten Jember

Abstract

Diabetes is a chronic disease that relies heavily on changes in healthy and balanced diet. But in reality, diet management of someone with diabetes mellitus often fails, which is characterized by high daily blood glucose levels. Disobedience to behavior and lifestyle such as eating patterns is influenced by psychosocial factors. This quantitative study used an analytic and cross-sectional observational design. The sampling technique used is multistage random sampling and obtained 138 respondents. Instrument this study used SKILLDS, the coping scale, DDS, HDFSS, a questionnaire on the perception of the nurse's role in self-management of type 2 diabetes mellitus and SMDBQ. The result showed that most the demographic characteristic respondent aged 56-67 years (48.5%), female (64.4%), basic education (39.1%) and income low (60.1%). The results of characteristic psychosocial factors, knowledge mostly in moderate category (45.6%), coping mechanism in moderate category (67.3%), distress in high category (37.6%), perception family support in moderate category (53.6%), perception nurse support in moderate category (63.7%). The result of diet behavior in the moderate category (61.5%). The results of analysis showed two variables that influence dietary behavior is distress (p = 0.044) and perception family support (p = 0.000). Adjusted R Square this study is 0,275. Distress caused emotional burden that affects the dietary behavior and family support role as social support that can increase the motivation in implementary diet. Therefore, it is important to prevent the occurrence of diabetic distress and increase family support so that adherence to the dietary behavior of people with diabetes mellitus will be more optimal.