Pengaruh Pemberdayaan Masyarakat, Peran Tokoh dan Pendidikan Terhadap Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Pesisir Melalui Modal Sosial di Kabupaten Situbondo

Abstract

Situbondo's poverty rate is higher than the average poverty rate in Indonesia (17.53%> 11.47%) (CBS, 2017). The population of coastal communities in this region (39.76% of the total population) live along the coast (approximately 150 km) and mostly works as fishermen laborers. The type and quantity of fishing tools is not adequate, affect to low production and low income of fishermen. Characteristics of coastal communities are generally indicated by: poverty, weak sosial capital, dominance of informal leaders, inadequate levels of education. This research aims to explain the direct influence of economic community empowerment, role of informal leader, and education to coastal community welfare in Situbondo Regency, and its indirect influence through sosial capital. The results show that: (1) the influence of the economic community empowerment is significant positive to sosial capital, and has a significant positive but low impact on the welfare of the community; (2) the role of informal leaders has a significant positive impact on sosial capital and has no significant to community welfare; and (3) education has a significant positive effect on sosial capital and community welfare. The suggestions are: local governments should improve nine-year compulsory education programs with cost subsidies; and reducing the dominance of informal leaders by further empowering the sosial institution.